Electrochemical Engine Center


All Publications

C. Y. Wang and C. J. Tu, "Noncondensable gas effects on condensation in a separate type two-phase closed thermosyphon," Warme und Stoffubertragung, Vol. 23, pp. 153-158, 1988.

C. Y. Wang and C. J. Tu, "Effects of noncondensable gas on film condensation in a vertical tube," Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 31, pp. 2339-2345, 1988.


C. Y. Wang and C. J. Tu, "The effect of noncondensable> gas on forced convection condensation along a horizontal plate in a porous medium," Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 32, pp. 1847-1852, 1989.


C. Y. Wang and C. J. Tu, "Boundary-layer flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian fluids in porous media," Int. J. Heat & Fluid Flow, Vol. 10, pp. 160-165, 1989.


C. Y. Wang and S. Fukusako, "Freezing around a vertical cylinder immersed in porous media incorporating the natural convection effect," Warme und Stoffubertragung, Vol. 26, pp. 7-15, 1990.


C. Y. Wang and C. J. Tu, "Mixed convection of non-Newtonian fluids from a vertical plate embedded in a porous medium," Acta Mechanics Sinica, Vol. 6, pp. 214-220, 1991.


C. Y. Wang and M. Groll, "Dryout heat fluxes in composite porous layers heated from below," in Proc. of 8th Int. Heat Pipe Conf., Beijing, Oct. 1992.


C. Y. Wang, C. Beckermann, and C. Fan, "A new approach to two-phase transport in porous media: the two-phase mixture model," Multiphase Transport in Porous Media 1993, HTD-Vol. 265, ASME, pp. 1-13, 1993.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "Single vs. dual-scale volume averaging for heterogeneous multiphase systems," Int. J. Multiphase Flow, Vol. 19, pp. 397-407, 1993.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "A two-phase mixture model of liquid-gas and heat transfer in capillary porous media Part II: application to pressure-driven boiling flow adjacent to a vertical heated plate," Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 36, pp. 2759-2768, 1993.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "A two-phase mixture model of liquid-gas flow and heat transfer in capillary porous media Part I: formulation," Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 36, pp. 2747-2758, 1993.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "A unified solute diffusion model for columnar and equiaxed dendritic alloy solidification," Mater. Sci. & Eng. A, Vol. 171(1-2), pp. 199-211, 1993.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "A multiphase solute diffusion model for dendritic alloy solidification," Metall. Trans. A, Vol. 24A, pp. 2787-2802, 1993.


C. Y. Wang, C. Beckermann, and C. Fan, "Transient natural convection and boiling in a porous layer heated from below," in Proc. of 10th Int. Heat Transfer Conf., Vol. 5, pp. 411-416, 1994.


C. Beckermann, R. J. Feller, T. R. Irwin, H. Miller, and C. Y. Wang, "Visualization of sedimentation and thermosolutal convection during equiaxed alloy solidification," AIAA 94-0570, 1994.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "Multi-scale/-phase modeling of dendritic alloy solidification," in Transport Phenomena in Solidification, HTD-Vol. 284, pp. 75-95, 1994.


C. Y. Wang, C. Beckermann, and C. Fan, "A numerical study of boiling and natural convection in capillary porous media using the two-phase mixture model," Numerical Heat Transfer, Vol. 26, pp. 375-398, 1994.


C. Beckermann and C. Y. Wang, "Incorporating interfacial phenomena in solidification models," JOM, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 42-47, 1994.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "Prediction of columnar-to-equiaxed transition during diffusion-controlled dendritic alloy solidification," Metall. Mater. Trans. A, Vol. 25A, No. 4, 1994.


C. Y. Wang, M. Groll, S. Rosler, and C. J. Tu, "Porous medium model for two-phase flow in mini channels with application to micro heat pipes," Heat Recovery Systems & CHP, Vol. 14, pp. 377-389, 1994.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "Computer simulations of microstructural development in dendritic alloy solidification with convection," in Materials Processing in the Computer Age II, Eds. V. R. Voller et al., TMS, pp. 129-143, 1995.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "Modeling of combined melt convection and solid transport on equiaxed dendritic solidification," appeaedr in Modeling of Casting, Welding and Advanced Solidification Processes VII, Eds. M. Cross and J. Campbell, TMS, pp. 549-556, 1995.


O. T. Easterday, C. Y. Wang, and P. Cheng, "A numerical and experimental study of two-phase flow and heat transfer in a porous formation with localized heating from below," in Proc. of ASME Heat Transfer and Fluid Engineering Divisions, HTD-Vol. 321, pp. 723-732, 1995.


C. Beckermann and C. Y. Wang, "Modeling of Microstructural Formation in Alloy Solidification with Convection," JIM 1995 Annual Meeting, Honolulu, HI, 1995.


C. Y. Wang, S. Ahuja, C. Beckermann, and H. C. de Groh III, "Multiparticle>interfacial drag in equiaxed solidification," Metall. Mater. Trans. B, Vol. 26B, pp. 111-119, 1995.


C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "Boundary layer analysis of buoyancy-driven two-phase flow in capillary porous media," ASME J Heat Transfer, Vol. 117, pp. 1082-1087, 1995.


C. Beckermann and C. Y. Wang, "Multi-phase/-scale modeling of alloy solidification," in Annual Review of Heat Transfer, Ed. by C. L. Tien, Vol. 6, pp. 115-198, Begell House, 1995.


C. Y. Wang and P. Cheng, "A multiphase mixture model for multiphase, multicomponent transport in capillary porous media -- I: model development," Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 39, pp. 3607-3618, 1996.

P. Cheng and C. Y. Wang, "A multiphase mixture model for multiphase, multicomponent transport in capillary porous media -- II: numerical simulation of the transport of non-aqueous phase liquids in the unsaturated subsurface," Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 39, pp. 3619-3632, 1996.

C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "Equiaxed dendritic solidification with convection: part 1. multi-scale-phase modeling," Metall. Mater. Trans. A, Vol. 27A, pp. 2754-2764, 1996.

C. Y. Wang and C. Beckermann, "Equiaxed dendritic solidification with convection: part 2. numerical simulations for an Al-4wt Cu alloy," Metall. Mater. Trans. A, Vol. 27A, pp. 2765-2783, 1996.

C. Beckermann and C. Y. Wang, "Equiaxed dendritic solidification with convection: part 3. comparisons with NH4Cl-H2O experiments," Metall. Mater. Trans. A, Vol. 27A, pp. 2784-2795, 1996.

C. Y. Wang, "Modeling of capillary evaporators," presented at Int. Conf. on Porous Media Science and Applications, Kona, HI, 1996.

C. Y. Wang, "Multiphase, multiscale> transport in alloy solidification," presented at ICHMT Symp. on Molecular and Microscale Heat Transfer in Materials Processing and Other Applications, Yokohama, Japan, 1996.

C. Y. Wang and P. Cheng, "Multiphase flow and heat transfer in porous media," in Advances in Heat Transfer, Eds. J. P. Hartnett Jr., et al., Vol. 30, pp. 93-196, Academic Press, 1997.

C. Y. Wang, "An alternative description of viscous coupling in two-phase flow through porous media," Transport in Porous Media, Vol. 28, pp. 205-219, 1997.

C. Y. Wang, "A fixed-grid numerical algorithm for two-phase flow and heat transfer in porous media," Numerical Heat Transfer B, Fundamentals, Vol. 31, pp. 85-105, 1997.

W. B. Gu, C. Y. Wang, and B. Y. Liaw, "Numerical modeling of coupled electrochemical and transport processes in lead-acid batteries," J. Electrochemical Society, Vol. 144, pp. 2053-2061, 1997.

A. Shoda and C. Y. Wang, "Numerical simulation of constant pressure steam injection into a homogeneous porous medium," HTD-Vol. 339, 1997 National Heat Transfer Conference, Vol.1, pp. 81-88, ASME, 1997.

B. Y. Liaw, W. B. Gu, and C.Y. Wang, "Numerical simulation of coupled electrochemical and transport processes in battery systems," 32nd Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conf., 97124, Honolulu, HI.

X. O. Chen, W. B. Gu, and C. Y. Wang, "Internet-based modeling and simulation of advanced battery systems," presented at 194th Electrochemcal Society Meeting, Boston, MA, Nov. 1998.

W. B. Gu, C. Y. Wang, and B. Y. Liaw, "The use of computer simulation in the evaluation of electric vehicle batteries," J. Power Sources, Vol. 75/1, pp. 154-164, 1998

C. Y. Wang and W. B. Gu, "Micro-macroscopic coupled modeling of batteries and fuel cells. Part I: Model development," J. Electrochemical Society, Vol. 145, No. 10, 1998.

C. Y. Wang, W. B. Gu, and B. Y. Liaw, "Micro-macroscopic coupled modeling of battery and fuel cell systems. Part II: Application to Ni-Cd and Ni-MH cells," J. Electrochemical Society, Vol. 145, No. 10, 1998.

C. Y. Wang, "Modeling multiphase flow and transport in porous media," Transport Phenomena in Porous Media, Eds. D. B. Ingham and I. Pop, Pergamon, pp. 383-410, 1998.

C. Y. Wang and P. Cheng, "Multi-dimensional modeling of steam injection into porous media," ASME J Heat Transfer, Vol. 120, pp. 286-290, 1998.

J. W. Gao and C. Y. Wang, "Effects of grain transport on columnar to equiaxed transition in dendritic alloy solidification," Proc. of Modeling of Casting, Welding, and Solidification Processes VIII, San Diego, pp. 425-432, 1998.

A. Shoda, C. Y. Wang, and P. Cheng, "Simulation of constant pressure steam injection in a porous medium," Int. Comm. in Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 25, pp. 753-762, 1998.

C. Y. Wang, "Multiphase flow in alloy solidification," in Proc. of 3rd Int. Symp. Fluid Mechanics, Beijing, 1998.

C. Y. Wang, W. B. Gu, and B. Y. Liaw, "Coupled thermal and electrochemical modeling of electric vehicle batteries," 193rd Mtg. of Electrochemical Society, San Diego, CA, 1998.

W. B. Gu, C. Y. Wang, and B.Y. Liaw, "Integrated simulation and testing of electric vehicle batteries," in Proc. of 13th Annual Battery Conference, IEEE 98TH8299, Long Beach, pp. 141-146, 1998.

W. B. Gu, C. Y. Wang, S. M. Li, M. M. Geng, and B. Y. Liaw, "Modeling discharge and charge characteristics of nickel-metal hydride batteries," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 44, pp. 4525-4541, 1999.

J. W. Gao and C. Y. Wang, "An experimental investigation into the effects of grain transport on columnar to equiaxed transition during dendritic alloy solidification," ASME J. of Heat Transfer, Vol. 121, pp. 430-437, 1999.

G. Q. Wang and C. Y. Wang, "Direct numerical simulation of intercalative porous electrodes," presented at 1999 Electrochemical Society Mtg., Honolulu, HI, 1999.

W. B. Gu and C. Y. Wang, "Thermal and electrochemical coupled modeling of a lithium-ion cell," presented at 1999 Electrochemical Society Mtg., Honolulu, HI, 1999.

Z. H. Wang, W. B. Gu, and C. Y. Wang, "Simulation of thermal runaway in lithium-ion batteries," presented at 1999 Electrochemical Society Mtg., Honolulu, HI, 1999.

C. Y. Wang, Z. H. Wang, and Y. Pan, "Two-phase transport in proton exchange membrane fuel cells," in Proc. of Int. Mech Engr Congress & Exhibits, Nashville, TN, 1999.

C. Y. Wang, W. B. Gu, R. Cullion, and B. Thomas, "Heat and mass transfer issues in advanced batteries," in Proc. of Int. Mech Engr Congress & Exhibits, Nashville, TN, 1999.

W. B. Gu and C. Y. Wang, "Thermal and Electrochemical Coupled Modeling of a Lithium-Ion Cell in Lithium Batteries," ECS Proceedings, Vol. 99-25 (1), pp. 748-762, 2000.

S. Um, C. Y. Wang, and K. S. Chen, "Computational fluid dynamics modeling of proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 147, pp. 4485-4493, 2000.

S. Um and C. Y. Wang, "Three dimensional analysis of transport and reaction in proton exchange membrane fuel cells," in Proc. of the ASME Heat Transfer Division, Orlando, FL, Nov. 2000.

J. Musser and C. Y. Wang, "Heat transfer in a fuel cell engine," in Proc. of 34th International Heat Transfer Conference, Pittsburgh, PA, Aug. 2000.

B. Thomas, J. Anstrom, W. B. Gu, C. Y. Wang, and D. A. Streit, "In-Vehicle Testing and Computer Modeling of Electric Vehicle Batteries," in Proc. of 17th Int. Electric Vehicle Symp., Montreal, Oct. 2000.

W. B. Gu and C. Y. Wang, "Thermal-Electrochemical Modeling of Battery Systems," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 147, pp. 2910-2922, 2000.

W. B. Gu, C. Y. Wang, John Weidner, and R. Jungst, "Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of a Lithium/Thionyl Chloride Battery with Electrolyte Flow," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 147, pp. 427-434, 2000.

T. S. Zhao, P. Cheng, and C. Y. Wang, "Buoyancy induced flows and phase-change heat transfer in a vertical capillary structure with symmetric heating," Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 55, pp. 2653-2661, 2000.

J. W. Gao and C. Y. Wang, "Modeling the solidification of functionally graded materials by centrifugal casting," Mat. Sci. Eng. A, Vol. A292, pp. 207-215, 2000.

J. W. Gao and C. Y. Wang, "Transport phenomena during solidification processing of functionally graded composites by sedimentation," ASME J.Heat Transfer, Vol. 123, 2001.

Z. H. Wang and C. Y. Wang, "Mathematical Modeling of Liquid-Feed Direct Methanol Fuel Cells," in Proc. of the symposium on direct methanol fuel cells, the 199th Electrochemical Society Proceedings Series, Princeton, NJ, 2001.

M. M. Mench, Z. H. Wang, K. Bhatia, and C. Y. Wang, "Design of a Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell," Proceedings of the International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE), November 11-16, 2001.

M. M. Mench, J. Scott, S. Thynell, and C. Y. Wang, "Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Experimental and Model Validation Study," Presentation from Electrochemical Society Meeting, Fall 2001.

Z. H. Wang, C. Y. Wang, and K. S. Chen, "Two phase flow and transport in the air cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cells," J. Power Sources, Vol. 94 (1), pp. 40-50, 2001.

M. M. Mench, S. Boslet, S. Thynell, J. Scott, and C. Y. Wang, "Experimental study of a direct methanol fuel cell," in Proc. of the symposium on direct methanol fuel cells, the 199th Electrochemical Society Proceedings Series, Princeton, NJ, 2001.

M. M. Mench, C. Y. Wang, and S. Thynell, "An Introduction to Fuel Cells and Related Transport Phenomena," accepted for publication in Journal of Transport Phenomena, 2001.

M. M. Mench, Q. L. Dong, and C. Y. Wang, "In-situ water distribution measurements in an operating polymer electrolyte fuel cell," in Proc. of 202th meeting of the Electrochemical Society "Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells III", Eds. J.W. Van Zee, M. Murthy, T. F. Fuller, and S. Gottesfeld, 2003.

M. M. Mench, C. Y. Wang, and Masatoshi Ishikawa, "Transient and steady state current density distribution measurements in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell," in Proc. of 202nd meeting of the Electrochemical Society, "Proton Conducting Membrane Fuel Cells III," Eds. J. W. Van Zee, M. Murthy, T. F. Fuller, and S. Gottesfeld, 2003.

C. Y. Wang and V. Srinivasan, "Computational Battery Dynamics (CBD) - electrochemical/thermal coupled modeling and multi scale modeling," J. Power Sources 110, pp. 364-376, 2002.

Y. H. Pan, V. Srinivasan, and C. Y. Wang, "An experimental and modeling study of isothermal charge/discharge behaviour of commercial Ni-MH cells," J. Power Sources 112, pp. 298-306, 2002.

J. Wu, V. Srinivasan, J. Xu, and C. Y. Wang, "Newton-Krylov-Multigrid Algorithms for Battery Simulation," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 149, pp. A1342-A1348, 2002.

U. Pasaogullari and C. Y. Wang, "Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," 2002 Fluent Users Group Meeting, Manchester, NH, 2002.

W. B. Gu, G. Q. Wang, and C. Y. Wang, "Modeling the Overcharge Process of VRLA Batteries," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 108, pp. 174-184, 2002.

M. M. Mench, D. J. Burford, T. W. Davis, "In situ temperature distribution measurement in an operating polymer electrolyte fuel cell," Proceedings of IMECE '03 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, Washington, D.C., November 16-21, 2003.

T.J. Yen, N. Fang, X. Zhang, G.Q. Lu, C. Y. Wang, "A micro direct methanol fuel cell operating at near room temperature," Applied Physics Letter, Vol. 83, pp. 4056-4058, 2003.

M. M. Mench, Q. L. Dong, C. Y. Wang, "In situ water distribution measurements in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 124, pp. 90-98, 2003.

M. M. Mench, C. Y. Wang, M. Ishikawa, "In Situ Current Distribution Measurements in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 150, pp. A1052-A1059, 2003.

U. Pasaogullari, C.Y. Wang, "Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells," in Proceedings of SOFC-VIII, Eds. S.C. Singhal and M. Dokiya, pp. 1403-1412, 2003.

C. Y. Wang, "Computational Fuel Cell Research and SOFC Modeling at Penn State," presented at NASA Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Simulation and Modeling Workshop, NASA-Glenn Research Center, April 11, 2003.

C. Y. Wang, "Two-Phase Flow and Transport," Handbook of Fuel Cells - Fundamentals, Technology and Applications, Vol. 3, Part 3, pp. 337-347, 2003.

Z. H. Wang and C. Y. Wang, "Mathematical Modeling of Liquid-Feed Direct Methanol Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 150, pp. A508-A519, 2003.

V. Srinivasan, G. Q. Wang, and C.Y. Wang, "Mathematical Modeling of Current-Interrupt and Pulse Operation of Valve-Regulated Lead Acid Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 150, pp. A316-A325, 2003.

V. Srinivasan and C.Y. Wang, "Analysis of Electrochemical and Thermal Behavior of Li-Ion Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 150, pp. A98-A106, 2003.

M. Mench, and C.Y. Wang, "An In Situ Method for Determination of Current Distribution in PEM Fuel Cells Applied to a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 150, pp. A79-A85, 2003.

C. Lim and C.Y. Wang, "Development of high power electrodes for a liquid-feed direct methanol fuel cell," J. Power Sources 113, pp. 145-150, 2003.

U. Pasaogullari, C.Y. Wang, and K.S. Chen, "Liquid Water Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with Multi-Layer Diffusion Media," IMECE 2004-59283, Proceedings of ASME IMECE '04 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, Anaheim, CA. November 13-20, 2004.

H. Ju and C.Y. Wang, "Experimental validation of a PEM fuel cell model by current distribution data," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 151, pp. A1954-A1960, 2004.

C.Y. Wang, “Fundamental models for fuel cell engineering," invited review article for Chemical Reviews, Vol. 104, pp. 4727-4766, 2004.

X.G. Yang, F.Y. Zhang, A. Lubawy, and C.Y. Wang, "Visualization of liquid water transport in a PEFC," Electrochemical & Solid-State Letters, pp. A408-A411, 2004.

H. Meng, C. Y. Wang, "Large-scale simulation of polymer electrolyte fuel cells by parallel computing," Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 59, pp. A3331-A3343, 2004.

U. Pasaogullari, C. Y. Wang, "Two-phase transport and the role of micro-porous layer in polymer electrolyte fuel cells," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 49, pp. 4359-4369, 2004.

G.Q. Lu, C. Y. Wang, "Electrochemical and flow characterization of a direct methanol fuel cell," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 134, pp. 33-40, 2004.

C. Lim, C. Y. Wang, "Effects of hydrophobic polymer content in GDL on power performance of a PEM fuel cell," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 49, pp. 4149-4156, 2004.

K.K. Bhatia, C. Y. Wang, "Transient carbon monoxide poisoning of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell operating on diluted hydrogen feed," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 49, pp. 2333-2341, 2004.

U. Pasaogullari, C. Y. Wang, "Liquid Water Transport in Gas Diffusion Layer of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 151, pp. A399-A406, 2004.

H. Meng, C. Y. Wang, "Electron Transport in PEFCs," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 151, pp. A358-A367, 2004.

M. M. Mench, H.M. Chance, C. Y. Wang, "Dimethyl Ether Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells for Portable Applications," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 151, 2004.

S. Um, C. Y. Wang, "Three-dimensional Analysis of Transport and Electrochemical Reaction in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 125, pp. 40-51, 2004.

G.Q. Lu, C.Y. Wang, T.J. Yen, X. Zhang, "Development and Characterization of a Silicon-based Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cell," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 49, pp. 821-828, 2004.

G. Q. Lu and C. Y. Wang, "Two-phase microfluidics, mass and heat transport in direct methanol fuel cells," invited chapter for New Developments in Heat Transfer, Chapter 9, pp. 317-358, 2005.

H. Meng and C. Y. Wang, "Multidimensional modeling of polymer electrolyte fuel cells under current density boundary condition," Fuel Cells 05, No. 4, pp. 455-462, 2005.

G. Q. Lu, P. C. Lim, F. Q. Liu, and C. Y. Wang, "On mass transport in air-breathing DMFC stack," International Journal of Energy Research, Vol. 29, pp. 1041-1050, 2005.

Y. Wang and C.Y. Wang, "Simulation of Flow and Transport Phenomena in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell under Low-Humidity Operation," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 147, pp. 148-161, 2005.

H. Meng and C.Y. Wang, "New Model of Two-Phase Flow and Flooding Dynamics in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, pp. A1733-1741, 2005.

H. Ju, C.Y. Wang, S. Cleghorn, and U. Beuscher, "Non-isothermal Modeling of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Part I: Experimental Validation," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, pp. A1645-1653, 2005.

U. Pasaogullari, C.Y. Wang, and K.S. Chen, "Two-Phase Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells with Bi-Layer Cathode Gas Diffusion Media," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, pp. A1574-1582, 2005.

X.G. Yang and C.Y. Wang, "Nanostructured Tungsten Carbide Catalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 86, 224104 (3 pages), 2005.

G.Q. Lu and C.Y. Wang, "Development of Micro Direct Methanol Fuel Cells for High Power Applications," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 144, pp. 141-145, 2005.

X.G. Yang, N. Burke, C.Y. Wang, K. Tajiri, and K. Shinohara, "Simultaneous Measurements of Species and Current Distributions in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell under Low-Humidity Operation," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, pp. A759-A766, 2005.

H. Ju, H. Meng, and C.Y. Wang, "A single-phase, non-isothermal model for PEM fuel cells," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 48, pp. 1303-1315, 2005.

Y. Wang and C.Y. Wang, "Modeling polymer electrolyte fuel cells with large density and velocity changes," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, pp.A445-A453, 2005.

U. Pasaogullari and C.Y. Wang, "Two-phase modeling and flooding prediction of polymer electrolyte fuel cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 152, pp.A380-A390, 2005.

G.Q. Lu, F.Q. Liu, and C.Y. Wang, "Water transport through Nafion 112 membrane in direct methanol fuel cells," Electrochemical & Solid-State Letters, Vol. 8, pp. A1-A4, 2005.

F.Q. Liu and C.Y. Wang, "Variations in interfacial properties during cell conditioning and influence of heat-treatment of ionomer on characteristics of direct methanol fuel cells," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 50, pp. 1413-1422, 2005.

Y. Wang and C.Y. Wang, "Transient analysis of polymer electrolyte fuel cells," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 50, pp. 1307-1315, 2005.

F. Q. Liu and C. Y. Wang, "Optimization of Cathode Catalyst Layer for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: Part II. Computational Modeling and Design," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 52, pp. 1409-1416, 2006.

F. Q. Liu and C. Y. Wang, "Optimization of Cathode Catalyst Layer for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells: Part I. Experimental Investigation," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 52, pp. 1417-1425, 2006.

K. Smith and C. Y. Wang, "Solid State Diffusion Limitations on Pulse Operation of a Lithium Ion Cell for Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 161, pp. 628-639, 2006.

K. Smith and C. Y. Wang, "Power and Thermal Characterization of a Lithium-Ion Battery Pack for Hybrid Electric Vehicles," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 160, pp. 662-673, 2006.

S. Ge and C. Y. Wang, "In Situ Imaging of Liquid Water and Ice Formation in an Operating PEFC during Cold Start," Electrochemical & Solid-State Letters, Vol. 9, pp. A499-503, 2006.

G. Q. Lu and C. Y. Wang, "Development of High Performance Micro DMFCs and a DMFC Stack," Transactions of the ASME - Journal of Fuel Cell Sc. & Tech., Vol. 3, pp. 131-136, 2006.

P. K. Sinha, P. Halleck, and C. Y. Wang, "Quantification of Liquid Water Saturation in a PEM Fuel Cell Diffusion Medium Using X-ray Microtomography," Electrochemical & Solid-State Letters, Vol. 9, pp. A344-348, 2006.

Y. Wang and C. Y. Wang, "Dynamics of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Undergoing Load Changes," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 51, pp. 3924-3933, 2006.

Y. Wang and C. Y. Wang, "A Non-isothermal, Two-phase Model for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 153, pp. A1193-1200, 2006.

P. P. Mukherjee and C. Y. Wang, "Stochastic Microstructure Reconstruction and Direct Numerical Simulation of the PEFC Catalyst Layer," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 153, pp. A840-849, 2006.

G. Wang, P. P. Mukherjee, and C. Y. Wang, "Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) Modeling of PEFC Electrodes: Part II. Random Microstructure," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 51, pp. 3151-3160, 2006.

G. Wang, P. P. Mukherjee, and C. Y. Wang, "Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) Modeling of PEFC Electrodes: Part I. Regular Microstructure," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 51, pp. 3139-3150, 2006.

F. Q. Liu, G. Q. Lu, and C. Y. Wang, "Low Crossover of Methanol and Water through Thin Membranes in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 153, pp. A543-553, 2006.

Y. Wang and C. Y. Wang, "Ultra Large-Scale Simulation of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 153, pp. 130-135, 2006.

H. Ju, C. Y. Wang, S. Cleghorn, and U. Beuscher, "Non-isothermal Modeling of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Part II: Parametric Study of Low Humidity Operation," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 153, pp. A249-254, 2006.

F. Y. Zhang, X. G. Wang, and C. Y. Wang, "Liquid Water Removal from a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 153, pp. A225-232, 2006.

S. Ge and C. Y. Wang, "Cyclic Voltammetry Study of Ice Formation in the PEFC Catalyst Layer during Cold Start," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B1399-B1406, 2007.

F. Jiang, W. Fang, and C. Y. Wang, "Non-isothermal Cold Start of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 53, pp. 610-621, 2007.

P. K. Sinha and C. Y. Wang, "Gas Purge in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B1158-B1166, 2007.

P. P. Mukherjee and C. Y. Wang, "Direct Numerical Simulation Modeling of Bi-layer Cathode Catalyst Layers in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B1121-B1131, 2007.

P. K. Sinha and C. Y. Wang, "Pore-Network Modeling of Liquid Water Transport in Gas Diffusion Layer of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 52, pp. 7936-7945, 2007.

S. Ge and C. Y. Wang, "Liquid Water Formation and Transport in the PEFC Anode," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B998-B1005, 2007.

K. Smith, C. D. Rahn, and C. Y. Wang, "Control Oriented 1D Electrochemical Model of Lithium Ion Battery," Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 48, pp. 2565-2578, 2007.

P. K. Sinha, P. P. Mukherjee, and C. Y. Wang, "Impact of GDL Structure and Wettability on Water Management in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Feature Article in Journal of Materials Chemistry under Royal Society of Chemistry, Vol. 17, pp. 3089-3103, 2007.

U. Pasaogullari, P. P. Mukherjee, C.Y. Wang, and K.S. Chen, "Anisotropic Heat and Water Transport in a PEFC Cathode Gas Diffusion Layer," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B823-B834, 2007.

G. Wang, P. P. Mukherjee, and C. Y. Wang, "Optimization of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Cathode Catalyst Layers via Direct Numerical Simulation Modeling," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 52, pp. 6367-6377, 2007.

X. Ye and C. Y. Wang, "Measurement of Water Transport Properties through Membrane Electrode Assemblies Part I: Membranes," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B676-B682, 2007.

X. Ye and C. Y. Wang, "Measurement of Water Transport Properties through Membrane Electrode Assemblies Part II: Cathode Diffusion Media," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B683-B686, 2007.

Y. Wang and C. Y. Wang, "Two-phase Transients of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B636-B643, 2007.

P. K. Sinha, C. Y. Wang, and A. Su, "Optimization of Gas Diffusion Media for Elevated Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 32, pp. 886-894, 2007.

P. P. Mukherjee, G. Wang, and C. Y. Wang, "Direct Numerical Simulation of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Catalyst Layers," invited chapter for Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry, Number 40, Eds. R. White et al., Springer, New York, 2007.

F. Q. Liu and C. Y. Wang, "Mixed Potential in a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell - Modeling and Experiments," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B514-B522, 2007.

S. Ge and C. Y. Wang, "Characteristics of Subzero Startup and Water/Ice Formation on the Catalyst Layer in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 52, pp. 4825-4835, 2007.

Y. Wang, C. Y. Wang, and K. S. Chen, "Elucidating Differences between Carbon Paper and Carbon Cloth in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 52, pp. 3965-3975, 2007.

W. Liu and C. Y. Wang, "Three-Dimensional Simulations of Liquid Feed Direct Methanol Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B352-B361, 2007.

V. P. Schulz, J. Becker, A. Wiegmann, P. P. Mukherjee, and C. Y. Wang, "Modeling of Two-phase Behavior in the Gas Diffusion Medium of PEFCs via Full Morphology Approach," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B419-B426, 2007.

K. Tajiri, Y. Tabuchi, F. Kagami, S. Takahashi, K. Yoshizawa, and C. Y. Wang, "Effects of Operating and Design Parameters on PEFC Cold Start," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 165, pp. 279-286, 2007.

P.K. Sinha and C. Y. Wang, "Effect of Flow Field Design on the Performance of Elevated Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," International Journal of Energy Research, Vol. 31, pp. 390-411, 2007.

L. Mao, C. Y. Wang, and Y. Tabuchi, "A Multiphase Model for Cold Start of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B341-B351, 2007.

G. Luo, H. Ju, and C. Y. Wang, "Prediction of Dry-Wet-Dry Transition in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B316-B321, 2007.

H. Ju, G. Luo, and C. Y. Wang, "Probing Liquid Water Saturation in Diffusion Media of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B218-B228, 2007.

G. Q. Lu, F. Q. Liu, and C. Y. Wang, "An Approach to Measuring Spatially Resolved Water Crossover Coefficient in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 164, pp. 134-140, 2007.

W. Liu and C. Y. Wang, "Modeling Water Transport in Liquid Feed Direct Methanol Fuel Cells," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 164, pp. 189-195, 2007.

L. Mao and C. Y. Wang, "Analysis of Cold Start in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B139-B146, 2007.

K. Tajiri, Y. Tabuchi, and C. Y. Wang, "Isothermal Cold Start of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 154, pp. B147-B152, 2007.

P. K. Sinha, C. Y. Wang, and U. Beuscher, "Transport Phenomena in Elevated Temperature PEM Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, in press, Vol. 154, pp. B106-B116, 2007.

F. Q. Liu, G. Q. Lu, and C. Y. Wang, "Water Transport Coefficient Distribution through the Membrane in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Journal of Membrane Science, Vol. 287, pp. 126-131, 2007.

P. K. Sinha and C. Y. Wang, "Two-Phase Modeling of Gas Purge in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 183, pp. 600-618, 2008.

X. G. Yang, Y. Tabuchi, F. Kagami, and C. Y. Wang, "Durability of Membrane-Electrode Assemblies Under Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Cold-Start Cycling," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 155, pp. B752-B761, 2008.

F. Jiang and C. Y. Wang, "Potentiostatic Startup of PEMFCs from Subzero Temperatures," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 155, pp. B743-B751, 2008.

K. Tajiri, C. Y. Wang, and Y. Tabuchi, "Water Removal from a PEFC During Gas Purge," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 53, pp. 6337-6343, 2008.

F. Liu and C. Y. Wang, "Water and Methanol Crossover in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells - Effect of Anode Diffusion Media," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 53, pp. 5517-5522, 2008.

Y. Wang, S. Basu, and C.Y. Wang, "Modeling Two-phase Flow in PEM Fuel Cell Channels," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 179, pp. 603-617, 2008.

K. Smith, C. D. Rahn, and C. Y. Wang, "Model Order Reduction of 1D Diffusion System Via Residue Grouping," Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, Vol. 130, pp. 011012-1 - 011012-8, 2008.

P. K. Sinha and C. Y. Wang, "Liquid Water Transport in a Mixed-wet Gas Diffusion Layer of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 63, pp. 1081-1091, 2008.

J. Li, C. Y. Wang, and A. Su, "Prediction and Experimental Validation of In-Plane Current Distribution Between Channel and Land in a PEFC," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 155, pp. B64-B69, 2008.

I. S. Hussaini and C. Y. Wang, "Transients of Water Distribution and Transport in PEFCs," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 156, pp. B1394-B1400, 2009.

P. P. Mukherjee, C. Y. Wang, and Q. Kang, "Mesoscopic Modeling of Two-phase Behavior and Flooding Phenomena in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 54, pp. 6861-6875, 2009.

C. E. Shaffer and C. Y. Wang, "Role of Hydrophobic Anode MPL in Controlling Water Crossover in DMFC," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 54, pp. 5761-5769, 2009.

S. Basu, C. Y. Wang, and K. S. Chen, "Two-phase Flow Maldistribution and Mitigation in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology, Vol. 6, pp. 031007-1 - 031007-11, 2009.

C. Y. Wang, "Comment on 'A Look at the Multiphase Mixture Model for PEM Fuel Cell Simulations' [Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 11, B132 (2008)]," Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 12, pp. S2-S3, 2009.

C. E. Shaffer and C. Y. Wang, "Performance Modeling and Cell Design for High Concentration Methanol Fuel Cells," Handbook of Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, Chpt. 50, pp. 749-461, John Wiley and Sons, 2009.

C. Y. Wang, X. G. Yang, Y. Tabuchi, and F. Kagami, "Cold-Start Durability of Membrane-Electrode Assemblies," Handbook of Fuel Cells, Vol. 6, Chpt. 59, pp. 880-892, John Wiley and Sons, 2009.

Y. Zhang and C. Y. Wang, "Cycle-life Characterization of Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries with LiNiO2 Cathode," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 156, pp. A527-A535, 2009.

S. Basu, C. Y. Wang, and K. S. Chen, "Phase Change in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 156, pp. B748-B756, 2009.

F. Q. Liu and C. Y. Wang, "Dramatic Reduction of Water Crossover in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells by Cathode Humidification," Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, Vol. 12, pp. B101-B102, 2009.

I. S. Hussaini and C. Y. Wang, "Visualization and Quantification of Cathode Channel Flooding in PEM Fuel Cells," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 187, pp. 444-451, 2009.

S. Basu, J. Li, and C. Y. Wang, "Two-phase Flow and Maldistribution in Gas Channels of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 187, pp. 431-443, 2009.

P. Sun, G. Xue, C. Y. Wang, and J. Xu, "Fast Numerical Simulation of Two-Phase Transport Model in the Cathode of a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell," Communications in Computational Physics, Vol. 6, pp. 49-71, 2009.

Y. Ji, G. Luo, and C. Y. Wang, "Pore-Level Liquid Water Transport Through Composite Diffusion Media of PEMFC," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 157, pp. B1753-B1761, 2010.

P. P. Mukherjee, Q. Kang, and C. Y. Wang, "Pore-scale Modeling of Two-phase Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells – Progress and Perspective," Energy & Environmental Science, Advance Article, 2010.

S. Basu, C. Y. Wang, and K. S. Chen, "Analytical Model of Flow Maldistribution in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Channels," Chemical Engineering Science, Vol. 65, pp. 6145-6154, 2010.

G. Luo, Y. Ji, C. Y. Wang, and P. K. Sinha, "Modeling Liquid Water Transport in Gas Diffusion Layers by Topologically Equivalent Pore Network," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 55, pp. 5332-5341, 2010.

K. A. Smith, C. D. Rahn, and C. Y. Wang, "Model-Based Electrochemical Estimation and Constraint Management for Pulse Operation of Lithium Ion Batteries," IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, Vol. 18, pp. 654-663, 2010.

W. Fang, O. J. Kwon, and C. Y. Wang, "Electrochemical-thermal Modeling of Automotive Li-ion Batteries and Experimental Validation Using a Three-electrode Cell," International Journal of Energy Research, Vol. 34, pp. 107-115, 2010.

I. S. Hussaini and C. Y. Wang, "Dynamic Water Management of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells Using Intermittent RH Control," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, pp. 3822-3829, 2010.

I. S. Hussaini and C. Y. Wang, "Measurement of Relative Permeability of Fuel Cell Diffusion Media," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, pp. 3830-3840, 2010.

A. Nandy, F. Jiang, S. Ge, C. Y. Wang, and K. S. Chen, "Effect of Cathode Pore Volume on PEM Fuel Cell Cold Start," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 157, pp. B726-B736, 2010.

F. Jiang, C. Y. Wang, and K. S. Chen, "Current Ramping: A Strategy for Rapid Start-up of PEMFCs from Subfreezing Environment," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 157, pp. B342-B347, 2010.

C. E. Shaffer and C. Y. Wang, "High Concentration Methanol Fuel Cells: Design and Theory," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 195, pp. 4185-4195, 2010.

X. Yuan, X. Zeng, H. J. Zhang, Z. F. Ma, and C. Y. Wang, "Improved Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells with p-Toluenesulfonic Acid-Doped Co-PPy/C as Cathode Electrocatalyst," Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 132, pp. 1754-1755, 2010.

Y. Zhang, C. Y. Wang, and X. Tang, "Cycling Degradation of an Automotive LiFePO4 Lithium-ion Battery," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 196, pp. 1513-1520, 2011.

J. Yan, X. Huang, H. D. Moore, C. Y. Wang, and M. A. Hickner, "Transport properties and fuel cell performance of sulfonated poly(imide) proton exchange membranes," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 37, pp. 6153-6160, 2012.

Y. Leng, G. Chen, H. D. Moore, A. J. Mendoza, T. B. Tighe, M. A. Hickner and C. Y. Wang, "Solid-State Water Electrolysis with an Alkaline Membrane," Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 134, pp. 9054-9057, 2012.

Y. Ji, Y. Zhang, and C.Y. Wang, "Li-Ion Cell Operation at Low Temperatures," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, pp. A636-A649, 2013.

G. Zhang, C. Shaffer, C. Y. Wang and C.D. Rahn, "In-Situ Measurement of Current Distribution in a Li-Ion Cell," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, pp. A610-A615, 2013.

X. Yuan, X. L. Ding, C. Y. Wang and Z. F. Ma, "Use of polypyrrole in catalysts for low temperature fuel cells," Energy & Environmental Science, Vol. 6, pp. 1105-1124, 2013.

N. Li, Y. Leng, M. A. Hickner and C. Y. Wang, "Highly Stable, Anion Conductive, Comb-Shaped Copolymers for Alkaline Fuel Cells," Journal of the American Chemical Society, Vol. 135, pp. 10124-10133, 2013.

B. Carnes, D. Spernjak, G. Luo, L. Hao, K.S. Chen, C. Y. Wang, R. Mukundan and R.L. Borup, "Validation of a two-phase multidimensional polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell computational model using current distribution measurements," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 236, pp. 126-137, 2013.

Q. Duan, S. Ge and C. Y. Wang, "Water uptake, ionic conductivity and swelling properties of anion-exchange membrane," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 243, pp. 773-778, 2013.

Y. Ji and C. Y. Wang, "Heating strategies for Li-ion batteries operated from subzero temperatures," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 107, pp. 664-674, 2013.

Z. Shen, L. Cao, C.D. Rahn and C. Y. Wang, "Least Squares Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique (LS-GITT) for Accurate Solid Phase Diffusivity Measurement," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, pp. A1842-A1846, 2013.

G. Zhang, C. Shaffer, C.Y. Wang and C. D. Rahn, "Effects of Non-Uniform Current Distribution on Energy Density of Li-ion Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 160, pp. A2299-A2305, 2013.

F. Jiang and C.Y. Wang, "Numerical modeling of liquid water motion in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Vol. 39, pp. 942-950, 2014.

W. Zhao, G. Luo and C.Y. Wang, "Effect of tab design on large-format Li-ion cell performance," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 257, pp. 70-79, 2014.

S. Jung, Y. Leng and C.Y. Wang, "Role of CO2 in methanol and water transport in direct methanol fuel cells," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 134, pp. 35-48, 2014.

G. Zhang, L. Cao, S. Ge, C.Y. Wang, C. Shaffer, and C.D. Rahn, "In Situ Measurement of Radial Temperature Distributions in Cylindrical Li-ion Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 161, pp. A1499-A1597, 2014.

T. Kotaka, Y. Tabuchi, U. Pasaogullari, and C.Y. Wang, "Impact of interfacial water transport in PEMFCs on cell performance," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 146, pp. 618-629, 2014.

T. Tanim, C.D. Rahn, and C.Y. Wang, "A Temperature Dependent, Single Particle, Lithium Ion Cell Model Including Electrolyte Diffusion," Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, Vol. 137, pp. 011005-1 - 011005-11, 2015.

Y. Leng, L. Wang, M.A. Hickner, and C.Y. Wang, "Alkaline membrane fuel cells with in-situ cross-linked ionomers," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 152, pp. 93-100, 2015.

W. Zhao, G. Luo and C.Y. Wang, "Modeling Nail Penetration Process in Large-Format Li-ion Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, pp. A207-A217, 2015.

W. Zhao, G. Luo and C.Y. Wang, "Modeling Internal Shorting Process in Large-Format Li-ion Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, pp. A1352-A1364, 2015.

T. Tanim, C.D. Rahn and C.Y. Wang, "State of charge estimation of a lithium ion cell based on a temperature dependent and electrolyte enhanced single particle model," Energy, Vol. 80, pp. 731-739, 2015.

Y. Li, K. Moriyama, W. Gu, S. Arisetty and C.Y. Wang, "A One-Dimensional Pt Degradation Model for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, pp. F834-F842, 2015.

L. Hao, K. Moriyama, W. Gu, and C.Y. Wang, "Modeling and Experimental Validation of Pt Loading and Electrode Composition Effects in PEM Fuel Cells," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 162, pp. F854-F867, 2015.

G. Zhang, L. Cao, S. Ge, C.Y. Wang, C.E. Shaffer and C.D. Rahn, "Reaction temperature sensing (RTS)-based control for Li-ion battery safety," Scientific Reports, Vol. 5, pp. 18237-18242, 2015.

L. Hao, K. Moriyama, W. Gu, and C.Y. Wang, "Three Dimensional Computations and Experimental Comparisons for a Large-Scale Proton Exchange Membrance Fuel Cell," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, pp. F744-F751, 2016.

C.Y. Wang, G. Zhang, S. Ge, T. Xu, Y. Ji, X-G. Yang, and Y. Leng, "Lithium-ion Battery Structure that Self-heats at Low Temperatures," Nature, Vol. 529, pp. 515-518, 2016.

C.Y. Wang, T. Xu, S. Ge, G. Zhang, X-G. Yang, and Y. Ji, "A Fast Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Battery at Subfreezing Temperatures," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 163, pp. A1944-A1950, 2016.

X-G. Yang, C. Bauer, and C.Y. Wang, "Sinusoidal Current and Stress Evolutions in Lithium-ion Batteries," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 327, pp. 414-422, 2016.

X-G. Yang, G. Zhang, and C.Y. Wang, "Computational Design and Refinement of Self-heating Lithium Ion Batteries," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 328, pp. 203-211, 2016.

G. Zhang, S. Ge, T. Xu, X-G. Yang, H. Tian and C.Y. Wang, "Rapid Self-heating and Internal Temperature Sensing of Lithium-ion Batteries at Low Temperatures," Electrochimica Acta, Vol. 218, pp. 149-155, 2016.

X-G. Yang, T. Liu, and C.Y. Wang, "Innovative Heating of Large-size Automotive Li-ion Cells," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 342, pp. 598-604, 2017.

Y. Leng, S. Ge, D. Marple, X.G. Yang, C. Bauer, P. Lamp, and C.Y. Wang, "Electrochemical Cycle-Life Characterization of High Energy Lithium-ion Cells with Thick Li(Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2)O2 and Graphite Electrodes," Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Vol. 164, pp. A1037-1049, 2017.

X.G. Yang, Y. Leng, G. Zhang, S. Ge, C.Y. Wang, "Modeling of Lithium Plating Induced Aging of Lithium-ion Batteries: Transition from Linear to Nonlinear Aging," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 360, pp. 28-40, 2017.

J. Kim, G. Luo, C.Y. Wang, "Modeling of Two-phase Flow in Three-dimensional Complex Flow-fields of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 365, pp. 419-429, 2017.

G. Zhang, S. Ge, X.G. Yang, Y. Leng, D. Marple, C.Y. Wang, "Rapid Restoration of Electric Vehicle Battery Performance While Driving at Cold Temperatures," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 371, pp. 35-40, 2017.

Zhang, G., H. Tian, S. Ge, D. Marple, F. Sun, and C.Y. Wang, "Visualization of self-heating of an all climate battery by infrared thermography," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 376, pp. 111-116, 2018.

Yang, X.G., S. Ge, T. Liu, Y. Leng, and C.Y. Wang, "A look into the vlotage plateau signal for detection and quantification of lithium plating in lithium-ion cells," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 395, pp. 251-261, 2018.

Yang, X.G., G. Zhang, S. Ge, and C.Y. Wang, "Fast charging of lithium-ion batteries at all temperatures," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 115, no. 28, pp. 7266-7271, 2018.

Kim, J., Luo G., and C.Y. Wang, "Modeling liquid water re-distributions in bi-porous layer flow-fields of proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 400, pp. 284-295, 2018.

Yang, X.G. and C.Y. Wang, "Understanding the trilemma of fast charging, energy density and cycle life of lithium-ion batteries," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 402, pp. 489-498, 2018.

Xiao-Guang Yang, Ge, S., Wu, N., Mao, Y., Sun, F., and C.Y. Wang, "All-Climate Battery Technology for Electric Vehicles," IEEE Electrification Magazine, March 2019.

Lee, W., Lyon, C.K., Seo, J.H., Lopez-Hallman, R., Leng, Y., Wang, C.Y., Hickner, M.A., Randall, C.A., and Enrique D. Gomez "Ceramic-Salt Composite Electrolytes from Cold Sintering," Advanced Functional Materials, April 2019, DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201807872.

Yang, X.G., Liu, T., Gao, Y., Ge, S., Leng, Y., Wang, D., and C.Y. Wang, "Asymmetric Temperature Modulation for Extreme Fast Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries," Joule, Vol. 3, pp. 1-18, 2019.

Shanhai Ge, Leng, Y., Liu, T., Longchamps, R.S., Yang, X.G., Gao, Y., Wang, D., Wang, D., and C.Y. Wang, "A New Approach to Both High Safety and High Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries," Science Advances, 3, eaay7633 (2020).

Jianan Zhang, Yang, X.G., Sun, F., Wang, Z., and C.Y. Wang, "An online heat generation estimation method for lithium-ion batteries using dual-temperature measurements," Applied Energy, 272, 115262 (2020).

Yongjun Leng, Ge, S., Longchamps, R.S., Yang, X.G., Liu, T., and C.Y. Wang, "High voltage stable Li metal batteries enabled by ether-based highly concentrated electrolytes at elevated temperatures," J. Electrochem. Soc., 167, 110543 (2020).

Teng Liu, Yang, X.G., Ge, S., Leng, Y., and C.Y. Wang, "Ultrafast charging of energy-dense lithium-ion batteries for urban air mobility," eTransportation, 7, (2021), 100103.

Xiao-Guang Yang, Liu, T., Ge, S., and C.Y. Wang, "Thermally modulated lithium iron phosphate batteries for mass-market electric vehicles," Nat Energy, (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-020-00757-7

Xiao-Guang Yang, Liu, T., Ge, S., Rountree, E., and C.Y. Wang, "Challenges and key requirements of batteries for electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft," Joule, (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2021.05.001

Yongjun Leng, Ge, S., Yang, X.G., Longchamps, R.S., Liu, T., and C.Y. Wang, "Fast Charging of Energy-Dense Lithium Metal Batteries in Localized Ether-Based Highly Concentrated Electrolytes," J. Electrochem. Soc., 168, 060548, (2021). https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ac0bf3

Xiao-Guang Yang, Wang, Y., and C.Y. Wang, "Ultra-high fuel utilization in polymer electrolyte fuel cells part I: An experimental study," International Journal of Green Energy, (2021). DOI: 10.1080/15435075.2021.1941041

Yun Wang, Yang, X.G., and C.Y. Wang, "Ultra-high fuel utilization in polymer electrolyte fuel cells part II: A modeling study," International Journal of Green Energy, (2021). DOI: 10.1080/15435075.2021.1941042

Ryan S. Longchamps, Yang, X.G., Ge, S., Liu, T., and C.Y. Wang, "Transforming rate capability through self-heating of energy-dense and next-generation batteries," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 510, 230416, 2021.

Teng Liu, Ge, S., Yang, X.G., and C.Y. Wang, "Effect of thermal environments on fast charging Li-ion batteries," Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 511, 230466, 2021.

Shanhai Ge, Longchamps, R.S., Liu, T., Liao, J., Leng, Y., and C.Y. Wang, "High safety and cycling stability of ultrahigh energy lithium ion batteries," Cell Reports Physical Science, 2, 100584, 2021.

Ryan S. Longchamps, Yang, X.G., and C.Y. Wang, "Fundamental Insights into Battery Thermal Management and Safety," ACS Energy Lett., 7, (2022), 1103-1111.